Invisible Armies
A complete global history of guerrilla uprisings through the ages.
See more in Wars and Warfare; Global
Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow for National Security Studies
U.S. foreign policy; defense policy; military history; terrorism and guerrilla warfare.
Max Boot is a military historian and foreign-policy analyst who has been called one of the “world’s leading authorities on armed conflict” by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. The Jeane J. Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow in National Security Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, Boot is also a contributing editor to the Weekly Standard and the Los Angeles Times, a member of USA Today’s Board of Contributors, a columnist for Foreign Policy, and a regular contributor to the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, Commentary, and other publications.
Boot’s newest book—The Road Not Taken: Edward Lansdale and the American Experience in Vientam—is due out from Norton/Liveright in early 2018. He is the author of three widely acclaimed books: the New York Times bestseller Invisible Armies: An Epic History of Guerrilla Warfare from Ancient Times to the Present (W.W. Norton & Co./Liveright, 2013), which The Wall Street Journal said “is destined to be the classic account of what may be the oldest as well as the hardest form of war”; War Made New: Technology, Warfare, and the Course of History, 1500 to Today (Gotham Books, 2006), which was hailed as a “magisterial survey of technology and war” by the New York Times; and The Savage Wars of Peace: Small Wars and the Rise of American Power (Basic Books, 2002), which won the 2003 General Wallace M. Greene Jr. Award from the Marine Corps Heritage Foundation as the best nonfiction book pertaining to Marine Corps history and has been placed on Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Navy professional reading lists.
Boot has served as an adviser to U.S. commanders in Iraq and Afghanistan. He was also a senior foreign policy adviser to John McCain’s presidential campaign in 2007–08, a defense policy adviser to Mitt Romney’s campaign in 2011–12, and the head of the Counter-Terrorism Working Group for Marco Rubio’s campaign in 2015-2016.
Boot is a frequent public speaker and guest on radio and television news programs, both at home and abroad. He has lectured on behalf of the U.S. State Department and at many military institutions, including the Army, Navy, and Air War Colleges, the Australian Defense College, the John F. Kennedy Special Warfare School, West Point, and the Naval Academy.
In 2004, he was named by the World Affairs Councils of America as one of “the 500 most influential people in the United States in the field of foreign policy.” In 2007, he won the Eric Breindel Award for Excellence in Opinion Journalism, given annually to a writer who exhibits "love of country and its democratic institutions" and "bears witness to the evils of totalitarianism."
Before joining the Council in 2002, Boot spent eight years as a writer and editor at the Wall Street Journal, the last five as op-ed editor. From 1992 to 1994 he was an editor and writer at the Christian Science Monitor.
Boot holds a bachelor’s degree in history, with high honors, from the University of California, Berkeley (1991), and a master’s degree in history from Yale University (1992). He was born in Moscow, grew up in Los Angeles, and now lives in the New York area.
The legendary Edward Lansdale, a covert operative so influential that he was said to be the model for Graham Greene's The Quiet American and for one of the main characters in The Ugly American, remains, even four decades after the conclusion of the Vietnam War, one of the most fascinating, mysterious—and misunderstood—figures in post-1945 American foreign policy. A former advertising man, he was a master of psychological and political warfare and one of the most influential military advisers of the twentieth century, second only to "Lawrence of Arabia." In the Philippines and South Vietnam in the 1950s, he pioneered the kind of "population-centric counterinsurgency" strategy that has since been implemented from Afghanistan to Iraq. Based on access to his personal letters and to newly declassified documents seen by no previous scholar, I am writing a book that sheds fresh light not only on Lansdale but on the Vietnam War in which he was such a pivotal figure. The Road Not Taken will conclude with "Lansdale's Lessons" for the United States as it seeks to advise and influence allies in the developing world as Lansdale once did so skillfully.
This project is made possible in part through the support of the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation.
Ronald Reagan was one of the most successful and influential presidents of the twentieth century. Despite his many accomplishments there is no comprehensive biography of him currently available—nothing like what Robert Dallek has done for John F. Kennedy, David McCullough for Harry Truman or Ron Chernow for George Washington. The aim of my research is to produce such a work—an objective biography that examines Reagan's entire life to better understand his achievements and shortcomings. It will no longer do to dismiss Reagan, as Clark Clifford once did, as an "amiable dunce." He was clearly much more than that, yet he was not easy to understand because he was a bundle of contradictions. Affable to all, he had few if any real friends. Reagan had strong convictions but lacked intellectual depth or curiosity. He could be stubborn to the point of distraction, but he was usually willing to compromise and settle to get a deal done. He could make tough policy decisions when they were needed, but he found it impossible to fire anyone. My research will grapple with these and other paradoxes to produce the most comprehensive, fair, and readable account yet penned of Reagan's life based on archival work and interviews with those who knew him best.
This project is made possible in part through the support of the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation.
History has not ended and the tide of war has not receded. Indeed in such places as Ukraine, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and China, the United States faces pressing threats to its national security which demand a response from Washington. As a regular contributor to Commentary's blog and to numerous print publications (including the Wall Street Journal, the Los Angeles Times, and the Weekly Standard), as well as a regular public speaker and guest on radio and TV programs, I provide timely analysis of these and other pressing national security issues. My focus is primarily but not exclusively on the U.S. armed forces whose operations I study during regular trips "down range" to places such as Iraq and Afghanistan. Besides commenting upon, and analyzing, U.S. military operations, I try to place them in a broader framework of geopolitical events and American grand strategy to produce recommendations of value to policymakers.
A complete global history of guerrilla uprisings through the ages.
See more in Wars and Warfare; Global
It's not President Bannon's fault Donald Trump’s approval ratings are so low. Trump only has himself to blame.
See more in United States; Politics and Strategy
Republicans once scorned “moral relativism,” the tendency to draw comparisons between the conduct of the United States and its enemies, but now they defend it.
See more in Russian Federation; United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State
Obama may have been maddeningly cautious and self-righteous, but he was much more thoughtful, dignified and restrained than his bombastic and erratic successor, writes Max Boot.
See more in United States; Politics and Strategy
Bannon as puppet master is leading the Trump administration down a road of carnage and fulfilling the worst fears about the Trump presidency.
See more in United States; Politics and Strategy
Trump’s xenophobic edict doesn't address our vulnerability to Americans radicalized from afar.
See more in United States; Middle East and North Africa; Defense and Security; Terrorism
Donald Trump’s vision for the U.S. role in the world runs counter to the best and brightest ideas of this proud country of immigrants.
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State
With the “America First” emphasis in his truculent inaugural address, Donald Trump has signaled that a radical reorientation of American foreign policy may be in the offing. For more than 70 years, the United States has been the world’s leading champion of free trade, democracy, and international institutions, particularly in Europe and East Asia. But for how much longer?
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State
Thousands of key policymakers — from State to the Department of Defense — still need to be appointed to new positions. But nothing’s happening. Days before Trump steps into office, he has failed to announce enough capable replacements for the 4,000 political appointments that any president must make.
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State; Defense and Security
If Mr. Trump’s slavish devotion to Putin persists in office, it will continue to raise questions about the exact nature of their relationship. If the president-elect wants to put such suspicions to rest, he should get as tough with the Kremlin as he vows to do with America’s other enemies.
See more in Russian Federation; United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State; Intelligence
Trump’s reaction to the Russia hack report suggests a guilty conscience and raises the question of why he fails to raise the slightest objection to Russia’s egregious misconduct
See more in Russian Federation; Cybersecurity; Elections
President Obama’s signature rebalance to the Pacific never really got off the ground. Could Trump succeed where he failed?
See more in Asia and Pacific; Diplomacy and Statecraft; Grand Strategy
Exxon Mobil CEO Rex Tillerson is by all accounts a shrewd, pragmatic, and successful dealmaker. In another administration, he might have made an excellent secretary of State. Serving a president with a strong moral grounding and certain fixed principles, he might have been successful in sanding off the rough edges and making the compromises necessary to get things done. But under Donald Trump, a man of few if any discernible principles beyond a desire for self-aggrandizement, he would be a dangerous choice because his role will be not just to implement policy but—more than most previous secretaries of State—to shape it.
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State; Organization of Government
President Obama has been shamefully derelict in making Putin pay a price for his aggression. It’s time to give Putin a taste of his own medicine, writes CFR's Max Boot.
See more in Russian Federation; Politics and Strategy
Election hacks and Russia-friendly nominees pose a historic choice of party or principle. The test for Republicans is how they will react given that Trump has publicly pondered the possibility of lifting all sanctions on Russia, has appointed as his national security adviser a retired general who had recently been seen dining with Putin and as his secretary of State an executive who had received an Order of Friendship from Putin.
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State; Organization of Government
Max Boot argues that Petraeus would be a superbly qualified secretary of state—one who already has more diplomatic experience than most of those previously selected for this position. And far from giving a pro-war tilt to the new administration, Petraeus would be an important restraint on a president who has spoken far too freely of bombing various countries and of torturing terrorists.
See more in United States; Organization of Government; Diplomacy and Statecraft
Trump is too mercurial a figure to pursue any policy with any consistency, even a pro-Russia policy. We can only hope that Russia does not succeed in reestablishing its empire and swallowing some of America’s more vulnerable allies in Eastern Europe before Trump wakes up to the fact that Putin is not America’s friend.
See more in United States; Russian Federation; Presidents and Chiefs of State
The president of the United States has vast power—nearly unlimited in the realm of foreign affairs. He can order U.S. troops into combat. He can bomb any country he wants. He can round up illegal immigrants. He can spy on millions of people. Soon all that power will be in the hands of Donald J. Trump, hardly the most sober and restrained individual ever to occupy the Oval Office. Checks and balances on a president's national security powers have never been more important, writes CFR's Max Boot.
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State; Organization of Government
In 1777, when Britain received words of the drubbing its forces had suffered at Saratoga to the American rebels, a friend of Adam Smith’s exclaimed that “the nation was ruined.” The wise philosopher calmly replied: “There is a great deal of ruin in a nation.” That proposition is about to be put to the test by President-elect Donald Trump. We must now hope that Trump can be reined in from the rhetoric of his campaign.
See more in United States; Presidents and Chiefs of State; Grand Strategy
Email controversies don't change the fact that Clinton is sane and safe; Trump is the least qualified, most dangerous presidential candidate in history.
See more in United States; Elections
Donald Trump began the final presidential debate in what was, for him, an unexpected fashion. He was subdued, spoke calmly, and sounded like a conventional Republican. He promised to oppose abortion, support the Second Amendment, and appoint Supreme Court justices who “will interpret the Constitution the way the founders wanted it interpreted.” But about halfway through, Trump made one crazy, false statement after another. It was a farrago of falsehoods the likes of which no one has ever seen...since Trump’s last debate. What does it tell you about the future of the Republican Party that so many ordinary Republicans seemed to thrill to his misstatements and vicious attacks?
See more in United States; Elections
This series focuses on issues, primarily military, that affect American national security. The series begins withan early focus on the war on Iraq, and later roundtables examine issues relating to the transformation of the American armed forces to cope with warfare in the information age.
This meeting is on the record.
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This meeting is on the record.
This meeting is on the record.
This meeting is on the record.
Another round of global protests this week have erupted against Donald Trump’s travel ban, as his many foreign policy moves receive massive backlash. Joy Reid and Max Boot discuss.
Max Boot joins VICE News to talk about how Trump’s first few weeks in office have reshaped U.S. foreign policy.
Alan Colmes speaks with Max Boot about the concerns he has over some of President-Elect Trump’s appointments to his Cabinet and his National Security team.
Max Boot joins Katy Tur to discuss Donald Trump's preparations to take over the "nuclear football," and concerns over unfilled security posts.
Opinion Journal’s Mary Kissel and Max Boot on Donald Trump’s strategic options.
A number of Republicans who have served Presidents and advised former GOP candidates are crossing party lines to vote for Hillary Clinton. David Frum and Max Boot join Lawrence to explain why Donald Trump should not be elected President.
KQED Forum's Michael Krasny talks with Max Boot about the Syrian crisis as the conflict intensifies and the refugee crisis grows.
Lawrence O'Donnell talks with Max Boot and foreign policy expert Tom Nichols about what the first debate revealed about Donald Trump as a potential Commander-in-Chief.
Oren Dorell quotes Max Boot in a USA Today article on terror-bombing suspect Ahmad Rahami.
Chuck Todd interviews Max Boot, retired U.S. Army Col. Jack Jacobs, and retired four-star Gen. Barry McCaffrey about Donald Trump's and Hillary Clinton's views on national security issues.
Yahoo Global News anchor Katie Couric interviews Max Boot, Alex Altman, Time magazine’s Washington correspondent, and Yahoo News National Correspondent Holly Bailey about the state of the Republican nominee’s presidential campaign.
Here & Now's Eric Westervelt talks with Max Boot about how the Republican Party's long-time embrace of anti-intellectualism set the stage for Trump.
The Takeaway's John Hockenberry interviews Max Boot, who argues that Trump is the product of years of anti-intellectualism within the Republican Party.
Using examples like Ronald Reagan or George Bush, Boot argues that the GOP has built a "know-nothing" facade for political purposes, and Trump has revealed that it might not be a facade any more.
Max Boot, in a expert panel discussion led by CNN's Fareed Zakaria, discusses Donald Trump's ties to Russia.
KQED Forum's Michael Krasny hosts a discussion on Trump’s pro-Russianism, the hacking of the Democratic National Committee’s emails, and how foreign powers influence U.S. elections.
Donald Trump delivers his first major address on foreign policy of the campaign. Max Boot from the Council on Foreign Relations joins Chuck Todd on MTP Daily to discuss.
Maureen Dowd mentions Max Boot in a New York Times op-ed reflecting on the Republican presidential primary.
Max Boot is quoted in the New York Times regarding Donald Trump's candidacy for president.
Max Boot signed an open letter with Republican foreign policy leaders regarding the implications of a Donald Trump presidency for U.S. national security.
Max Boot is a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and one of the most prominent conservative foreign policy intellectuals in America. He discussed Donald Trump's candidacy in an interview with Zach Beauchamp of Vox.
Max Boot is quoted in the New York Times after a Republican presidential nomination debate.
Max Boot talks about insurgency, governance and political warfare. He discusses what motivates insurgents and what we can do to stop it.
How will the agreement impact the United States? Max Boot and Matt Duss join the O'Reilly Factor to discuss.
Max Boot discusses congressional oversight of the Iran nuclear deal on 'Hannity.'
Max Boot discusses Obama's efforts to reach out to Iranians over negotiations on 'Hannity.'
Tim Arango of the New York Times recounts the impact of Max Boot's Foreign Affairs article to soldiers at Camp Taji, Iraq.
Washington simply doesn’t have the luxury of simply avoiding long wars against brutal insurgencies. Instead, it needs to figure out how to fight them better, argues Max Boot, Jeane Kirkpatrick Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, in the latest edition of Foreign Affairs. Boot recently sat down with Gideon Rose to discuss how.
U.S. officials continue to pressure Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki to step down. Max Boot from the Council on Foreign Relations joins to discuss.
Unconventional wars are our most pressing national security concern. They're also the most ancient form of war in the world. Max Boot on the lessons of insurgency we seem unable to learn.
In the new book Invisible Armies, author Max Boot traces the role of guerrilla warfare through history, starting in the Roman Empire all the way up to Afghanistan. He tells Steve Inskeep the American Revolution was the turning point in guerrilla warfare.
Max Boot is featured as CNN's Fareed Zakaria leads a conversation looking back at whether the war in Iraq was worth it.
Military Times quotes Max Boot in an article about David Petraeus.
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Max Boot joins VICE News to talk about how Trump’s first few weeks in office have reshaped U.S. foreign policy.
Another round of global protests this week have erupted against Donald Trump’s travel ban, as his many foreign policy moves receive massive backlash. Joy Reid and Max Boot discuss.
Max Boot joins Katy Tur to discuss Donald Trump's preparations to take over the "nuclear football," and concerns over unfilled security posts.
View Max Boot's blog posts for Commentary Magazine's Contentions