Financial Crises

Primary Sources

The White House describes this January 2012 document: "In his State of the Union address, President Obama laid out a Blueprint for an America Built to Last, calling for action to help responsible borrowers and support a housing market recovery. While the government cannot fix the housing market on its own, the President believes that responsible homeowners should not have to sit and wait for the market to hit bottom to get relief when there are measures at hand that can make a meaningful difference, including allowing these homeowners to save thousands of dollars by refinancing at today's low interest rates. That's why the President is putting forward a plan that uses the broad range of tools to help homeowners, supporting middle-class families and the economy."

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Backgrounder Authors: Christopher Alessi and Roya Wolverson

U.S.-based rating agencies--still reeling from a loss of credibility for being too lenient with risky financial institutions in the run-up to the global financial crisis--are once again under intense scrutiny following S&P's unprecedented downgrade of U.S. debt. The move comes on the heels of intense criticism by EU officials, who contend the raters have accelerated the European sovereign debt crisis.

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Analysis Brief

Eurozone Doubts for Banks

Author: Christopher Alessi

Another eurozone mini-summit is underway today but investors continue to doubt EU leaders' ability to address the sovereign debt crisis, even as banks face a liquidity crunch.

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Analysis Brief

A New Fiscal Union for Europe

Author: Christopher Alessi

At a Brussels summit, EU leaders agreed to develop a new fiscal union in an effort to preserve the indebted eurozone. Analysts say Britain's decision to opt out of the plan could dramatically reshape the path of European integration.

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Interview

A Political Deal for the Euro

Iain Begg interviewed by Christopher Alessi

An agreement by EU leaders to create a new fiscal union signals a political commitment to the future of the euro. Economist Iain Begg explains why it will not immediately solve the eurozone sovereign debt crisis.

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Primary Sources

EU Economic Pact, December 2011

After EU Council summit talks in Brussels, at which France and Germany urged EU member states to overhaul EU treaties in an attempt to remedy the debt crisis, the UK opted out, citing the proposed financial services tax. The 17 Eurozone members and six other states agreed instead on this pact, reached on December 9, 2011, without the UK's participation.

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