This report states that the ultimate effect of this R & D globalization on the U.S. economy and U.S. industry remains uncertain. But extrapolating from three important trends in the international economy--namely the rise of newly industrializing economies; the restructuring of the American system of innovation; and the globalization of sales and production--it seems likely that knowledge-intensive activities, from basic research to technology-based production, are not permanently anchored in American soil.