This study group analyzes international responses to refugee emergencies over the past decade and addresses implications for dealing with similar crises in the future. Particular emphasis is placed on responses to the complex humanitarian crises that unfolded over the past decade in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, East Timor, the Great Lakes region of Africa, Haiti, Iraq, and Kosovo. Specifically, the study group reviews and comments on drafts of a book-length manuscript by Arthur Helton. The book identifies potential reforms with respect to both the formulation and management of refugee policies, and recommends how best to organize the policy-making process in order to promote rational, comprehensive and humane perspectives which address the needs of refugees and displaced persons nationally and internationally. Both policy and operational dimensions are considered. In the policy realm, the available repertoire of responses is identified and their successful or unsuccessful use over the past decade analyzed, with a view towards identifying circumstances when a particular combination of such policy tools might work in the future. In the operational realm, coordination issues and questions of institutional reform to increase the effectiveness of responses are addressed, with a particular view toward building sustainable peace after a crisis abates.