Idealism and the pursuit of power are more closely linked than the liberal or realist traditions would have us believe. Foreign policy should be built on the principles of decency, mutual respect for rights and interests, responsible dispute settlement, and institution-building. But there is no room for idealism for its own sake: it must be tempered by legitimate responses to lawlessness and the necessities of power. For these ideas, Richard Ullman is best remembered.

A teacher, scholar, practitioner, and publicist, Ullman has been a unique and influential figure in U.S. foreign and security policy over the past forty years. The Real and the Ideal is less a summing up of Ullman’s work than an intellectual kaleidoscope held up to his ideas. The result is a spirited and highly readable set of essays on U.S. foreign and defense policy by David Gompert, I.M. Destler, Michael Doyle, Michael O’Hanlon, and many other distinguished scholars and practitioners of international relations.

The collection of essays addresses the following issues, among others: changing international conceptions of state sovereignty, governmental legitimacy and ethics, and their relationship to national influence and power; new roles played by military power, including an exploration of emerging guidelines for the use of force that go beyond traditional definitions of national interest; and the domestic context for the setting of U.S. foreign and defense policy, including an analysis of heretofore unpublished polling data on the public’s propensity to support international engagement.

Preface

Foreword—Leslie H. Gelb

Richard Ullman and His Work: An Appreciation—Anthony Lake, David Ochmanek, and Scott Vesel

Legitimacy and World Politics—David C. Gompert

Ethics and International Relations: A Speculative Essay—Michael W. Doyle

The Realist Illusion and a Patriarchal Reality—Robert Hunt Sprinkle

The Reasonable Public and the Polarized Policy Process—I.M. (Mac) Destler

Politics, Humanitarian Values, and American National Interests—Thomas G. Weiss

Saving Lives with Force—Michael O'Hanlon

The Irony of Kosovo: The System Worked Better Than It Usually Does—David Callahan

Charles Evans Hughes Reconsidered, or: Liberal Isolationism in the New Millenium—Edward Rhodes

The Limits of Alliance: Conflict, Cooperation, and Collective Identity—Ronald R. Krebs

Transatlantic Relations after the Cold War: Theory, Evidence, and the Future—John S. Duffield

Realism, Liberalism, and German Foreign Policy—Thomas Banchoff

Strategic Competition among China, Japan, and Taiwan—David B.H. Denoon

Richard H. Ullman: Publications

Index

Read the Foreign Affairs review by G. John Ikenberry.

Anthony Lake is a professor at the Georgetown University School of Foreign Service and a former national security adviser to President Clinton.

David Ochmanek is a senior defense analyst at the RAND Corporation.