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| Author: | Judith Kipper |
|---|
January 2, 2004
The Daily Star
US President George W. Bush is committed to a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that will provide recognition and security for Israel and sovereignty for the Palestinians. Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Abdullah took a historic step when he initiated a peace plan, endorsed by all Arab states, that provides for recognition and security for Israel – and for Palestine once the conflict is resolved. But even these dramatic steps by Bush and the Arab states were not sufficient for the Israelis and Palestinians.
Now the “road map” to Israeli-Palestinian peace, supported by the “Quartet,” including the United States, the European Union, the United Nations and Russia, finally has a destination. Knowing what comes at the end of the road is the only worthwhile incentive for Israelis and Palestinians to commit to making the difficult concessions required to permanently end their bloody conflict.
The Geneva Initiative, a detailed peace plan negotiated by prominent Israelis and Palestinians led by Yossi Beilin and Yasser Abed Rabbo, as well as the important initiative of Ami Ayalon and Sari Nusseibeh, have provided the missing elements for Israelis and Palestinians to make peace.
Israelis and Palestinians, by a vast majority, have continued to support a resolution to their conflict along the lines outlined in the Geneva document, despite years of violence and bloodshed. Both peoples are deeply traumatized and passionately believe that their very existence and identity are at stake. Yet neither side is capable of taking the first step – of stopping the violence or negotiating – without knowing where they are going.
The Arab League’s resolution, now called the Arab Peace Initiative, adopted in Beirut in March 2002, was a historic move that was not recognized as such at the time. Perhaps even those Arabs who had privately supported recognition of and relations with Israel for many years did not fully understand the importance of finally announcing their commitment in public. The initiative needed to be explained and discussed in the Arab world, in Israel and among members of the Quartet, which, when it was engaged in finding common ground to produce the road map, recognized the Arab proposal without integrating its historic importance into the international peace plan. Suicide bombers attacking civilians in Israel have so preoccupied Israelis, that they have not yet fully appreciated that peace with the Palestinians means recognition and normal diplomatic relations with all the Arab states.
Ultimately, Israelis and Palestinians will make peace, though they cannot do it on their own. The involvement of the president of the United States, supported by the members of the Quartet who have made significant contributions, is essential.
Israelis and Palestinians need help to break the vicious cycle of violence, to be able to negotiate and hold a referendum and test acceptance of the Geneva Initiative as a model for a treaty. The Arabs have to do more than wait for their historic peace initiative to be accepted. They need to communicate with both Israelis and Palestinians. A long-term and well-thought-out strategy is needed to convey to the Israeli public that normalcy in the region, including relations with the Arab states, will be part of an Israeli-Palestinian treaty. For the Palestinians, a strategy to convince them that the Arab states are committed to a two-state solution that will end the conflict permanently is vital to give them hope for the future.
Saudi Arabia, a leader in the Arab world, along with other Arab states, including Egypt and Jordan, which have peace treaties with Israel, cannot simply wait for the US or others to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The Arabs have an important role to play in “marketing” their initiative, promoting dialogue with Israelis and Palestinians and encouraging the media to report accurately and support peace. Educational, economic and political reform in the Arab states will not only develop those societies, but will also create a regional environment conducive to peace.
Convincing Arab publics, where some 70 percent of the population is under the age of 25, that a resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will lead to normal relations throughout the region is a daunting task for Arab leaders. It is no longer possible to separate the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict from domestic problems. How can Arab youths contemplate a strategic shift in the region when they do not have a sense of normalization in their own daily lives? Young Arabs need hope for a better life; they need to know that if they work hard, there will be opportunities for them to prosper. Deprived of hope, these youngsters become susceptible to extremism instead of becoming productive citizens.
The richness of Arab culture, tradition and history is the real wealth of the region. The foundation for excellence in modern education should be to teach students to think for themselves and to prepare them for jobs in a globalized economy. The explosion of media outlets in the Arab world also provides avenues for presenting accurate information, analysis and cultural and entertainment programming. Around the world, satellite television has become a window on how globalization has created opportunities, diversity and interdependence. Arab populations deserve to see the world as it actually is, full of contradictions, but also vast possibilities.
Peace will come to the Middle East, sooner or later. It is now universally understood what an Israeli-Palestinian treaty will look like. Crown Prince Abdullah’s historic Arab Peace Initiative can help bring peace sooner by convincing Israelis, Palestinians and Arab publics that genuine peace and normalcy are possible in the region and domestically.
Judith Kipper is director of the Middle East Forum at the Council on Foreign Relations and is a consultant on international affairs for ABC News. This article is part of a series on the Arab Peace Initiative published by THE DAILY STAR in partnership with the Common Ground News Service.
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