Arctic

Primary Sources

Declaration of the Establishment of the Arctic Council, 1996

With this agreement (also known as the Ottawa Declaration) the Arctic Council was established on September 19, 1996, by Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States. The Arctic Council is a forum to promote collaboration among the Arctic States, Arctic Indigenous communities, and other Arctic inhabitants on issues such as sustainable development and environmental protection.

See more in Arctic, Natural Resources Management, Ethnicity and National Identity

Primary Sources

Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy

This strategy, also known as the Finnish Initiative, was signed on June 14, 1991 by Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, the USSR, and the United States, five years before the founding of the Arctic Council. The strategy aims to monitor, protect, promote sustainable development in the Arctic region and recognize the rights of indigenous peoples in relation to environmental issues.

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Transcript

Critical Choices in Ocean Governance

Speakers: Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, Admiral Thad W. Allen, David Rockefeller Jr., and Tom Fry
Presider: Scott G. Borgerson

Experts on ocean governance gather in the Council's International Institutions and Global Governance Program meeting on U.S. ocean governance in an international context. They discuss the emerging issues of the high seas and how U.S. policies will interact with foreign initiatives and treay arrangements.

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Transcript

Adapting to Climate Change in the Arctic—Coordinating a Federal, State and Private Sector Response

Speakers: Senator Mark Begich and Senator Lisa Murkowski
Presider: Scott G. Borgerson

Senator Mark Begich (D-Ak) and Senator Lisa Murkowski (R-Ak) speak to the Council on public and private strategies for adapting to climate change in Arctic Alaska. Scott G. Borgerson, visiting fellow for Ocean Governance at the Council, presides.

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Video

The Geopolitics of the Arctic

Speakers: Scott G. Borgerson and Paula J. Dobriansky
Presider: Frank Sesno

Scott Borgerson and Paula Dobriansky discuss the economic, environmental, and security implications of a changing Arctic region and its significance for the United States.

See more in Arctic, Economics, Climate Change