Since 2001, Europe finds itself increasingly involved in international military operations. In light of this upsurge in military preparations and deployments, the Center for Strategic & International Studies created this report to track trends in European defense spending. Ultimately, if government spending is an indicator of the priority given to policy areas, understanding trends in defense spending can shed light on whether Europe is indeed serious about improving its military capabilities.

The European Environment Agency tracks the European Union's progress toward meeting its Kyoto targets.

EU policymakers debate cutting farm subsidies as legislators on both sides of the Atlantic consider how trade distortions fit into the global food crisis.

This Belfer Center report discusses the current policy structures in place to combat climate change and international improvements that can be made.

To meet its obligations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations under the Kyoto Protocol, the European Union established the first cap-and-trade system for carbon dioxide emissions in the world starting in 2005. This report from the Pew Center on Global Climate Change discusses the development, structure, and performance of this system to date.

Republican presidential candidate John McCain published this op-ed on March 18, 2008 in the Financial Times newspaper.

G8 members offer a mixed picture on meeting Kyoto Protocol targets. The United States continues to refuse ratification.

Thomas L. Brewer writes about the rapidly expanding joint climate-trade agenda that arose after the Bali international climate change conference in December 2007.

Rethinking NATO and European Union enlargement

The Treaty of Lisbon amended the EU's two core treaties, the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community. It was signed on December 13, 2007 and entered into force on December 1, 2009.

The EU’s moratorium on genetically modified foods has ended, but country-specific clashes and possible WTO sanctions still loom.

The EU has added airlines to its greenhouse gas reduction scheme, but the United States and the aviation industry say this violates international law.

This study sets out to highlight differences between the US and European approaches to crisis management and to explore possibilities for more intensive co-operation.