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Indonesia Commission: Peace and Progress in Papua (A Center for Preventive Action Report)

Director: David L. Phillips, Executive Director, The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity

Indonesia Commission: Peace and Progress in Papua (A Center for Preventive Action Report) - indonesia-commission-peace-and-progress-in-papua-a-center-for-preventive-action-report
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Publisher Council on Foreign Relations

Release Date May 7, 2003

Price $15.00

ISBN 0876093284

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Overview

Papua, a remote and impoverished yet resource-rich Indonesian province, is at risk of a descent into conflict that would likely destabilize the entire country. According to this report from commission Indonesia and Southeast Asia experts, Indonesia’s central government can avoid conflict in Papua by giving it greater self-governance and a stake in the development of its vast natural wealth.

The commission recommends concrete steps international stakeholders can take to encourage full and effective implementation of the Special Autonomy Law, which promises substantial portions of the province’s wealth to Papuans. Indonesian authorities passed the law, but it was never put into force. According to the report, granting special autonomy would preserve Indonesia’s territorial integrity while advancing the needs of Papuans.

The commission proposes three steps that the Indonesian government and the international community should take. First, the Indonesian government must accelerate full implementation of the Special Autonomy Law instead of dividing Papua into three provinces, as is currently being discussed. Second, international stakeholders, including the World Bank, the UN Development Program, and the Japanese government, should launch a “Preventive Development Program” for Papua to link donor contributions with conflict-prevention strategies. And third, international businesses profiting from the development of Papua’s energy and mineral resources should engage more ethnic Papuans and help combat corruption by disclosing the payments they make to the government.

More About This Publication

Dennis C. Blair is a senior fellow at the Institute for Defense Analyses and an adjunct senior fellow in national security studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is a retired admiral and the former commander in chief of the U.S. Pacific Command.

David L. Phillips is a senior fellow and deputy director of the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations.

Task Force Members:

DENNIS C. BLAIR, the chairman of the Indonesia Commission, is a senior fellow at the Institute for Defense Analyses and an adjunct senior fellow in national security studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. He is a retired admiral, United States Navy, and the former commander-in-chief of the United States Pacific Command.

PATRICK M. BYRNE is the chief executive officer of Overstock.com. He is also the owner of High Plains Investments LLC. Previously, Dr. Byrne was the chief executive officer of Centricut LLC and of Fechheimer Brothers, Inc. He serves on the advisory committee of the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations. Dr. Byrne received his Ph.D. from Stanford University and is a published author.

NAT J. COLLETTA teaches at the Elliot School for International Affairs at George Washington University and has previously taught at other major universities. He was the founding manager of the World Bank’s post-conflict unit and senior spokesperson for the World Bank on reconstruction and peace-building in post-conflict societies. He provides advisory services in conflict prevention and post-conflict reconstruction to governments, corporations, and the international donor community. Dr. Colletta’s career at the World Bank has included secondments with the government of Indonesia and with UNICEF.

RAUF DIWAN is a managing director of Emerging Markets Partnership (EMP) and will become chief executive officer of AIG Asian Infrastructure Fund in May 2003. Prior to joining EMP in 1997, Mr. Diwan served for fifteen years with the International Finance Corporation (the World Bank’s private equity arm), where in 1997, he was director of the global power department, and from 1994 to 1995 headed the East Asia division.

BENNETT FREEMAN is principal of Sustainable Investment Strategies, a Washington, DC–based consultancy advising multinational corporations, international institutions, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) on issues of corporate responsibility, human rights, and international relations. In 2002, he co-authored an independent human rights impact assessment of the BP Tangguh project in Papua, Indonesia, the first such assessment in the world ever undertaken in advance of a major energy project. As U.S. deputy assistant secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor from 1999 to early 2001, he was the principal architect of the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights, the first human rights standard forged by governments, companies, and NGOs for the extractive sectors.

JOACHIM GFOELLER JR. cofounded GMG’s predecessor fund, GMS Capital Partners LP, in 1997 and has served as its managing general partner ever since. Prior to joining GMS, Mr. Gfoeller was one of the founding partners of Stolberg Partners and served as a vice president of Weiss, Peck & Greer.

BRIGHAMM. GOLDEN is currently completing a doctoral thesis about PT Freeport Indonesia in the department of anthropology at Columbia University. Mr. Golden has spent six of the last eleven years in Indonesia, much of that time in Papua, conducting ethnographic research.

ROBERT F. GREALY is the director of international relations Asia-Pacific at J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. Mr. Grealy serves on the board of directors of the American Indonesian Chamber of Commerce.

CHARLES GREGORY is director of schools management at International Schools Services, a Princeton-based nonprofit provider of educational services to international schools and multinational corporations. Mr. Gregory has been involved in education since the early 1970s and has been head of international schools in the Middle East, Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Caribbean.

JANINE W. HILL is associate director of the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations.

SIDNEY R. JONES, before joining the International Crisis Group as its Indonesia Project Director, was executive director of the Asia Division of Human Rights Watch from 1989 to 2002. An Indonesia specialist with twenty years’ experience working in and on that country, she also served as director of the human rights office of the U.N. Transitional Administration in East Timor from December 1999 to July 2000.

MARIA J. KRISTENSEN is a research associate for the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations.

JONATHAN E. LEVITSKY is an attorney with the law firm of Debevoise & Plimpton in New York City. He previously served as counselor to Ambassador Richard C. Holbrooke at the U.S. Mission to the U.N., as a member of the State Department’s policy planning staff, and as a law clerk to Justice John Paul Stevens of the U.S. Supreme Court.

RANDOLPH MARTIN is the former senior director for operations for the International Rescue Committee and coordinator for CARDI, a four-member Euro-American NGO consortium providing humanitarian and re-integration programming in Indonesia. Mr. Martin has been involved in international humanitarian operations for over twenty years, including senior management positions in Africa and Asia.

ANN MARIE MURPHY is an adjunct professor of political science at Barnard College and a research scholar at the East Asian Institute of Columbia University. She has managed the Transition Indonesia project, a joint American-Japanese-Australian effort designed to analyze ongoing political and economic events in Indonesia and propose policy options. Her most recent publication is a chapter on Indonesia in East Asia and globalization, and she is currently completing a manuscript on Indonesian foreign policy.

WILLIAM L. NASH is senior fellow and director of the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations.

MARTIN D. PEATROSS is a colonel in the U.S. Marine Corps and currently a military fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.

DAVID L. PHILLIPS is a senior fellow and deputy director of the Center for Preventive Action at the Council on Foreign Relations. In addition, he is director of the Program on Conflict Resolution and Peace-Building at American University, a senior associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, adjunct professor at the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna, and an analyst for NBC News. Among his previous positions, Mr. Phillips served as a senior adviser to the U.N. Secretariat and as program director at the International Peace Research Institute, Norway.

JOSEPH SAUNDERS is the deputy program director at Human Rights Watch (HRW). Apart from a brief period as senior program officer at the Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs, he has spent the past six years at HRW. Prior to joining HRW, he was a litigation associate at Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen, & Hamilton in New York City and clerked for the Hon. Dorothy W. Nelson of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Prior to attending law school, Mr. Saunders studied cultural anthropology and spent two years in Indonesia as a Fulbright scholar.

ADAM SCHWARZ is a consultant with McKinsey & Company and is currently based in Jakarta, Indonesia. Prior to joining McKinsey, Mr. Schwarz ran a political and economic risk consultancy in Washington, DC, where he also taught at Georgetown University and at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies. Mr. Schwarz spent over ten years in Southeast Asia as a correspondent for the Far Eastern Economic Review. He has authored, edited, or contributed to several books on Indonesia and Southeast Asia, including the highly acclaimed study of contemporary Indonesia, A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia’s Search for Stability.

CALVING SIMS is a foreign correspondent for The New York Times Television Documentaries and a visiting professor of journalism at Princeton University. Most recently, Mr. Sims was a senior fellow for Asia Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, where he headed a research project examining the rise of Islamic extremism in Indonesia.

NANCY SODERBERG is vice president for multilateral affairs of the International Crisis Group. Ambassador Soderberg has held high level posts in the White House, at the U.N., and in the U.S. Congress. From 1993 to 1997, she served as the third-ranking official of the National Security Council at the White House, including as deputy assistant to the president for National Security Affairs. From 1997 to 2001, she served as U.S. alternate representative to the United Nations.

GORDON R. SULLIVAN is the president of the Association of the United States Army and a veteran of the Vietnam War. He was promoted to temporary general in 1990 and served as Army chief of staff from 1991 to 1995, when he retired from active service. During his tenure as Army chief of staff, he presided over fundamental transformations in the Army, overseeing new peacekeeping missions across the globe and leading the Army into the information age.

PAUL VAN ZYL is director of the Country Programs Unit at the International Center for Transitional Justice and teaches law at the law schools of both Columbia University and New York University. He previously served as executive secretary of South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission and as a researcher at the Goldstone Commission in South Africa, and has also been an associate at Davis Polk & Wardwell in New York City.