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A detailed exploration of the most sweeping government border closures in human history during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications for the future of global mobility.
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Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies
The Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies works to promote a better understanding of how economic and geopolitical forces interact to shape the world.
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The CFR Global Inflation Tracker allows you to gauge trends in prices across the world over time.
CFR’s RealEcon team traveled across the country to ask Americans what they think of trade, aid, and other international economic policies.
The Mar-a-Lago Accord refers to a blueprint from one of President Trump’s top advisors that would mark an inflection point for the global economic order—but it is unlikely to get the cross-border coordination required to succeed.
US exports not only reduce deficits, they also bring higher-paying jobs and greater innovation. A tariff-driven trade war will hold back their growth.
The Trump administration’s tariff announcements revive the age-old policy of import substitution industrialization (ISI) to protect domestic industries and stimulate growth. However, ISI could lead to significant economic disruptions for the U.S. and its trading partners.
A brief analysis of the recent use of national security and foreign policy tools to promote domestic mineral production.
The president’s plan for reciprocal tariffs sounds good in theory. But there was a reason the United States abandoned the approach a century ago. The gains would be few and the costs enormous.
The United States’ relationship with China is at a new low, but Trump has a chance to redefine bilateral relations by locking China into the U.S.-led global system
A rebound in U.S. consumer imports fueled global trade, while Chinese import growth diverged from China’s export growth. Importers imported more, exporters exported more, and imbalances expanded.
CFR experts provide insights and context around President Donald Trump's announced tariffs and what they mean for North American trade, U.S. alliances, and global competition.
The 2024 10-K reports of America’s largest pharmaceutical companies show that they continue to avoid paying much, if any, U.S. corporate income tax.
This interactive map tracks China’s growing maritime influence through investments in strategic overseas ports. Users can plot the location of each port and view satellite images alongside detailed information on the share of Chinese ownership, the total amount of Chinese investment, and the port’s suitability for use by the Chinese military.
President Trump, his advisors, and Congress have different ideas of what products and markets are strategic.
This time around, Modi and Trump should seize the opportunity to strike a substantial bilateral agreement.
Program Experts
Center Director
Matthew P. GoodmanDistinguished Fellow, Director of the Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies, and Director of the CFR RealEcon Initiative
Bloomberg Chair in Global Health; Senior Fellow for International Economics, Law, and Development; and Director of the Global Health Program
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Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies
Since President Trump’s first term, U.S. imports subject to tariffs under Section 232 national-security authority have soared. They are set to soar further. -
Trade and tariffs are a central part of President Donald Trump’s international economic policy. Stay up to date with the Council on Foreign Relation’s calendar of significant trade-related events.
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A trade war with the European Union could negatively impact many U.S. industries. The lobster trade provides a specific case study of how one significant industry could be severely harmed.
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This article was originally published online by the Association of Women in International Trade in the 2025 Summer Communiqué on June 2, 2025. It is easy to default into hyperbole when the state o…
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CFR’s Global Monetary Policy Tracker compiles data from 54 countries around the world to highlight significant global trends in monetary policy. Who is tightening policy? Who is loosening policy? And what is the policy stance of the world as a whole?
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President Trump doubled almost all aluminum and steel import tariffs, seeking to curb China’s growing dominance in global trade. These six charts show the tariffs’ potential economic effects.
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The Sanctioning Russia Act would impose history’s highest tariffs and tank the global economy. Congress needs a better approach, one that strengthens existing sanctions and adds new measures the current bill ignores.
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The U.S. federal court ruling that President Trump had overstepped his authority on imposing tariffs marked a clear setback for the administration. But any global cheering has been tempered by the recognition that U.S. officials have other tools for authorizing penalties, and that an appellate court has reinstated some tariffs.
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A court ruling on Wednesday could pose a major threat to President Donald Trump’s tariff agenda. CFR Trade Policy Fellow Inu Manak unpacks what could happen next.