Mohammad Mosaddeq became prime minister of Iran in April 1951. An ardent nationalist, he rose to power by challenging Great Britain\u2019s dominance of Iran\u2019s economy and politics. A month before becoming prime minister, Mosaddeq led the effort by the Iranian Majlis (parliament) to nationalize the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), which the British government controlled. Rather than seek compromise with Tehran, London sought to reverse the law by crippling Iran\u2019s oil exports, the main source of government revenue. President Harry S. Truman rejected British efforts to enlist the United States in pressuring Iran to return ownership of AIOC to Britain. British arguments that Mosaddeq was destabilizing Iran found a more friendly audience when Dwight D. Eisenhower became president. Fearing that a communist takeover of Iran was increasingly likely, Eisenhower authorized Operation Ajax to oust Mosaddeq. The coup came in August 1953. Its success encouraged subsequent U.S. efforts to destabilize governments Washington disliked, and Iranian nationalists used the coup to fuel anti-Americanism in Iran. SHAFR historians ranked the support for Mosaddeq’s overthrow as fourth-worst U.S. foreign policy decision.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mohammad Mosaddeq became prime minister of Iran in April 1951. An ardent nationalist, he rose to power by challenging Great Britain\u2019s dominance of Iran\u2019s economy and politics. A month before becoming prime minister, Mosaddeq led the effort by the Iranian Majlis (parliament) to nationalize the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), which the British government controlled. Rather […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2270,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-worst-decisions"],"acf":{"add_section":[{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"Rising Iranian Nationalism","add_section_content":"Iran emerged from World War II politically and economically weakened. Great Britain and the Soviet Union invaded the country in 1941 and ousted its ruler, Reza Khan, who had seized the Peacock Throne in a coup sixteen years earlier. London and Moscow feared that the shah, an unabashed admirer of\u00a0Adolf Hitler, would block one of the main avenues for supplying the Soviets in the wake of Germany\u2019s invasion of the Soviet Union. The new shah was his twenty-two-year-old son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. That political disruption, coupled with poor harvests, impoverished the country.\r\n\r\nAs elsewhere in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, nationalism soared in Iran after the war ended. Iranians wanted to take back control of their country. Mohammad Mosaddeq became the champion of those aspirations. A descendant of Persian royalty who had been educated in Europe, he had served as Iran\u2019s finance minister for more than twenty years. Sixty-nine years old when he became prime minister, he sought to reclaim Iran\u2019s independence and expand the power of the Majlis. The former meant confronting Britain, the latter the shah.","add_image":2759,"image_position":"bottom","background":false,"quote_content":"","quote_footer":"","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"Nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company","add_section_content":"The main target of Mosaddeq\u2019s economic ambitions was the AIOC. Britain owned a majority position in the company, which had a monopoly on Iran\u2019s oil industry. The AIOC benefited from a lopsided deal it imposed on Iran and sustained with illicit payoffs to leading Iranians. In theory, Iran received 16 percent of the company\u2019s profits. The actual percentage was likely far lower; the AIOC never let Iran see its books.\r\n\r\nMosaddeq agreed to become prime minister in 1951 only if the Majlis nationalized the oil industry. It did so unanimously. Britain, however, contested the decision, even though it had nationalized its own coal and steel industries. Self-image and self-interest both played a part in the decision to reject compromise. Britain was clinging to a global empire in steep decline and feared that any concessions would undermine its influence elsewhere in the Middle East. Meanwhile, the AIOC\u2019s profits helped finance the British government. Unwilling to back down, London blockaded Iranian oil exports and persuaded other Western powers to stay on the sidelines. Iran\u2019s oil exports plunged, wreaking havoc on its economy.","add_image":2272,"image_position":"right","background":true,"quote_content":"","quote_footer":"","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"The Communist Menace","add_section_content":"Britain wanted U.S. support for its effort to squeeze Iran. Truman declined, however, and dismissed British proposals to invade Iran and to force Mosaddeq\u2019s ouster. Truman instead tried to mediate the dispute. He sent envoys to Tehran and even hosted Mosaddeq in Washington in a bid to find a solution. Nothing came of these efforts, in large part because Mosaddeq opposed any British involvement in Iran\u2019s oil industry. In October 1952, after learning that London was seeking to orchestrate a coup against him, Mosaddeq broke diplomatic relations with Britain and expelled all British diplomats.\r\n\r\nThe 1952 presidential election gave London another opportunity to win U.S. support for ousting Mosaddeq. With the Soviets dominating Eastern Europe, Mao Zedong in power in China, and U.S. troops fighting communist forces in Korea, Eisenhower pledged to \u201croll back\u201d communism. His choice for secretary of state, John Foster Dulles, intended to put that pledge into practice. Understanding the mood in Washington, British diplomats argued that Mosaddeq was creating an opening for Communists to seize power. The prime minister inadvertently buttressed that argument by pressing the Majlis to give him emergency governing powers, telling U.S. diplomats that a revolution was imminent, and threatening to turn to Moscow unless Washington provided more aid to Iran.","add_image":2279,"image_position":"right","background":false,"quote_content":"","quote_footer":"","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"U.S. Policy Shifts","add_section_content":"Dulles was convinced by what he heard, even though Mosaddeq had excluded Communists from his government and it was the British embargo that had damaged Iran\u2019s economy and roiled is politics. Eisenhower was initially skeptical, saying in March 1953 that Mosaddeq was \u201cthe only hope for the West in Iran.\u201d Eisenhower\u2019s opposition faded, however, as Mosaddeq rejected compromise proposals on the AIOC and Iranians took to the streets to protest economic hardship and Mosaddeq\u2019s pursuit of emergency powers. Worried that Iran\u2019s oil might be lost permanently to the West, in June Eisenhower approved a clandestine Anglo-U.S. effort to overthrow Mosaddeq.\r\n\r\nAllen Dulles, the director of the CIA and John Foster Dulles\u2019s younger brother, oversaw the planning for Operation Ajax, a covert campaign to inflame Iranian anger at Mosaddeq by paying journalists, mullahs, and politicians to attack him as corrupt and power hungry. At the same time, street gangs would be paid to attack public figures, increasing instability and fueling suspicions that Mosaddeq was attacking his critics. Then, paid demonstrators would march on the Majlis to demand his ouster. Power would be transferred to General Fazlollah Zahedi, who had served in Mosaddeq\u2019s government before a mutual falling out.","add_image":2282,"image_position":"bottom","background":false,"quote_content":"Communism and freedom . . . signify two titanic ideas, two ways of life, two totally irreconcilable beliefs in the nature and destiny of man. The one\u2014freedom\u2014knows man as a creature of God, blessed with a free and individual destiny governed by eternal moral and natural laws. The second\u2014Communism\u2014...governs with a tyranny that makes its subjects wither away.","quote_footer":"President Dwight D. Eisenhower","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"Operation Ajax","add_section_content":"Kermit Roosevelt, a grandson of President Theodore Roosevelt, ran Operation Ajax on the ground in Iran. He encountered an immediate problem. The plan hinged on the shah firing Mosaddeq. But the shah balked. Mosaddeq had resigned his post a year earlier because the shah opposed his efforts to curtail royal power. Crowds poured into the streets demanding Mosaddeq\u2019s reinstatement. The shah complied. He feared that firing Mosaddeq now would mean his own ouster. Meanwhile, after learning in July that members of the Majlis had been bribed to vote against him, Mosaddeq called for a national referendum to endorse his government. The clearly rigged vote gave him 99.4 percent support.\r\n\r\nUnder intense pressure from U.S. officials, the shah agreed to fire Mosaddeq and appoint Zahedi in his place. Mosaddeq, however, refused to step aside when he was told of his firing on August 15, and instead informed the country that he had foiled a coup. Operation Ajax appeared to have failed: the shah fled the country, Zahedi went into hiding, and the CIA directed Roosevelt to leave Iran. But over the next four days, the tide turned. Whether because Roosevelt paid protestors or because ordinary Iranians became alarmed that Mosaddeq was seeking to end the monarchy, public sentiment and military support turned against the prime minister. His premiership was over.","add_image":2285,"image_position":"right","background":true,"quote_content":"","quote_footer":"","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"The Fallout","add_section_content":"The shah solidified his control over Iran in the wake of Mosaddeq\u2019s ouster. He had Mosaddeq tried and convicted of treason. He was sentenced to three years in prison, followed by life under house arrest. One of Mosaddeq's closest advisers was executed, as were more than dozen military officers and student leaders allied with his government. Zahedi, who shared Mosaddeq\u2019s view that Iran should have a constitutional monarch with limited powers, lasted only two years as prime minister before losing a power struggle to the shah. The once indecisive ruler would become an autocrat who would be deposed in the 1979 Iranian revolution.\r\n\r\nMosaddeq\u2019s ouster did not produce the outcome that British officials anticipated. The Eisenhower administration rejected the idea that the AIOC, renamed British Petroleum (now known as BP), would resume its monopoly over Iran\u2019s oil production. Instead, the United States forced Britain to accept an agreement under which control of a new National Iranian Oil Company was shared among U.S., British, and European firms, that would split its profits fifty-fifty with Iran.","add_image":2290,"image_position":"right","background":false,"quote_content":"","quote_footer":"","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"imagecontent","add_section_title":"The Legacy of the Overthrow of Mosaddeq","add_section_content":"Mosaddeq\u2019s fall partly reflected his retreat from his own democratic principles as he grabbed emergency powers and sought to stifle the criticism of Iranians angry that his nationalization policy had failed to produce the benefits he promised. Nonetheless, by intervening in Iran\u2019s internal politics, the Eisenhower administration helped to derail Iran\u2019s nascent democracy and set the country on the path toward autocracy. The Eisenhower administration and its successors also took the seeming success of Operation Ajax as an endorsement for other efforts to oust governments it disliked, most notably a year later in Guatemala. These interventions allied the United States with more dictatorships and generated considerable anti-American sentiment. That consequence became most evident a quarter of a century later when a viciously anti-American nationalist movement swept the shah from power and ushered in the theocratic Islamic Republic of Iran.","add_image":"","image_position":"null","background":false,"quote_content":"Yes, my sin \u2014 my greater sin and even my greatest sin is that I nationalized Iran's oil industry and discarded the system of political and economic exploitation by the world's greatest empire. This at the cost to myself, my family; and at the risk of losing my life, my honor and my property. With God's blessing and the will of the people, I fought this savage and dreadful system of international espionage and colonialism.","quote_footer":"Mohammad Mosedeggh","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""},{"quote_section":"quote","add_section_title":"Long-term Consequences","add_section_content":"
The Iranian Revolution of 1979, which brought to power Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and his passionately anti-American message, was in no small part a result of the U.S. and British actions in 1953. When Iranian students seized the American embassy as part of the 1979 Revolution, they cited the 1953 coup as a rationale, arguing that if they did not overtake the embassy, Americans would overthrow Khomeini like they had Mosaddeq.<\/p>\r\n
The United States\u2019 decades-long refusal to officially acknowledge its role in the coup until 2009, when President Barack Obama described the event as the \u201coverthrow of a democratically elected government\u201d, only hardened Iranian perceptions of American deceptiveness. Today, the 1953 coup still looms larger over Iran\u2019s relations with the U.S.\u00a0 and continues to inform the country\u2019s deep mistrust towards the West.<\/p>","add_image":"","image_position":"null","background":false,"quote_content":"The coup was clearly a setback for Iran\u2019s political development. And it is easy to see now why many Iranians continue to resent this intervention by America in their internal affairs.","quote_footer":"Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, March 17, 2000","video_title":"","video_link":null,"youtube_link":""}],"add_testimonials":[{"author_name":"Charles Laubach","add_testimonial_content":"Mosaddeq\u2019s ouster started a pattern of distrust between Iran and the United States. This continues to shape the confrontation between the United States and Iran today that threatens destabilization of the Middle East.","add_university_department":"Doctoral Candidate in the Department of History, The Ohio State University","add_image":2309},{"author_name":"James MacHaffie","add_testimonial_content":"The overthrow of Mosaddeq in Iran caused great upheaval in the Middle East, the repercussions of which we are still dealing with. It laid the groundwork for Khomeini's overthrow of the Shah, which led to the Iran-Iraq war, which then led to the first and then second Gulf Wars, and an ultimate rebalancing of alignment in the Middle East.","add_university_department":"Independent Consulting Analyst","add_image":2311},{"author_name":"Syrus Jin","add_testimonial_content":"The overthrow of Mosaddeq linked the United States to European imperialism in the Middle East and contributed to the establishment of enduring anti-American nationalism. Its legacy lasts to the present, with American animosity with Iran serving as a major point of tension.","add_university_department":"Elihu Rose Scholar in Modern Military History, New York University","add_image":2312},{"author_name":"Toshihiro Higuchi","add_testimonial_content":"The removal of Mosaddeq had a far-reaching impact beyond Iran; it ended the experiment of an alternative form of decolonization and governance in the Middle East.","add_university_department":"Associate Professor of History, Georgetown University","add_image":2313}],"learn_more_title":"Learn More","add_learn_more_content":"Primary documents, books, articles, and more about the overthrow of Mohammad Mosaddeq.","add_sources":[{"add_sources_title":"Primary Documents","single_source":[{"source_link_title":{"title":"Scott A. Koch, \u201c\u2018Zendebad Shah!\u2019: The Central Intelligence Agency and the Fall of Iranian Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadeq, August 1953\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/readingroom\/docs\/the%20central%20intelligence%20%5B15369853%5D.pdf","target":""},"source_content":"A declassified 1998 CIA-commissioned study of Operation Ajax.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Donald N. Wilber, \u201cClandestine Service History: Overthrow of Premier Mossadeq of Iran, November 1952\u2013August 1953\u201d","url":"https:\/\/nsarchive2.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB28\/index.html","target":""},"source_content":"A participant in Operation Ajax, Wilber completed his summary of the operation for the CIA in March 1954.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"U.S. State Department, \u201cForeign Relations of the United States, 1952\u20131954: Iran, 1951\u20131954\u201d","url":"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/historicaldocuments\/frus1951-54Iran\/pg_I","target":""},"source_content":"A compilation of 375 declassified documents detailing U.S. diplomatic and covert activities in Iran during the early 1950s.","source_image":""}]},{"add_sources_title":"Books","single_source":[{"source_link_title":{"title":"Ervand Abrahamian, The Coup: 1953, the CIA, and the Roots of Modern U.S.-Iranian Relations","url":"https:\/\/thenewpress.org\/books\/the-coup\/","target":""},"source_content":"A historian of the Middle East, Abrahamian assesses the events surrounding Mosaddeq\u2019s overthrow and discusses how it continues to influence relations between Iran and the United States today.","source_image":2320},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Christopher de Bellaigue, Patriot of Persia: Muhammad Mossadegh and a Tragic Anglo-American Coup","url":"https:\/\/www.harpercollins.com\/products\/patriot-of-persia-christopher-de-bellaigue?variant=40828028551202","target":""},"source_content":"The Economist\u2019s Tehran correspondent, de Bellaigue tells the story of Mosaddeq\u2019s life.","source_image":2321},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Stephen Kinzer, All the Shah\u2019s Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror","url":"https:\/\/turnerpublishing.com\/products\/all-the-shahs-men-an-american-coup-and-the-roots-of-middle-east-terro?srsltid=AfmBOorqR27ecgXCLMQ87H2UIOTsv61kjuqHLj6FL8QvcMC5mhWX5Z7W","target":""},"source_content":"A journalist by training, Kinzer provides a compelling narrative of Operation Ajax.","source_image":2325},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Ali Rahnema, Behind the 1953 Coup in Iran: Thugs, Turncoats, Soldiers, and Spooks","url":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/abs\/behind-the-1953-coup-in-iran\/behind-the-1953-coup-in-iran\/5A4354010748E854ACC432FEEE75F4DE","target":""},"source_content":"An economist and historian, Rahnema reconstructs the 1953 Iranian coup d\u2019\u00e9tat.","source_image":2328},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Kermit Roosevelt, Jr., Countercoup: The Struggle for the Control of Iran","url":"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Countercoup-Struggle-Control-Kermit-Roosevelt\/dp\/0070535906","target":""},"source_content":"A sometimes self-aggrandizing recounting of Mosaddeq\u2019s overthrow by the CIA\u2019s lead agent on the ground in Iran.","source_image":2329},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Ray Takeyh, The Last Shah: America, Iran, and the Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty","url":"https:\/\/yalebooks.yale.edu\/book\/9780300264654\/the-last-shah\/","target":""},"source_content":"A historian of modern Iran, Takeyh argues that Mosaddeq\u2019s missteps played a primary role in his downfall.","source_image":2331}]},{"add_sources_title":"Articles","single_source":[{"source_link_title":{"title":"Gregory Brew, \u201cThe Collapse Narrative: The United States, Mohammed Mossadegh, and the Coup Decision of 1953\u201d","url":"https:\/\/tnsr.org\/2019\/11\/the-collapse-narrative-the-united-states-mohammed-mossadegh-and-the-coup-decision-of-1953\/","target":""},"source_content":"A historian of U.S.-Iranian relations, Brew assesses the arguments for why the United States decided to overthrow Mosaddeq.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Christopher de Bellaigue, \u201cThe Tragedy of 1953\u201d","url":"https:\/\/harpers.org\/archive\/2013\/07\/the-tragedy-of-1953\/","target":""},"source_content":"De Bellaigue uses a review of Ervand Abrahamian\u2019s The Coup to ask how much Mosaddeq contributed to his own demise.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Christian Emery, \u201cSecrecy and Spectacle in the Overthrow of Mossadegh\u201d","url":"https:\/\/thedisorderofthings.com\/2013\/08\/23\/secrecy-and-spectacle-in-the-overthrow-of-mossadegh\/","target":""},"source_content":"An international relations specialist, Emery recounts Mosaddeq\u2019s overthrow and the reluctance of U.S. and British authorities to release documents on Operation Ajax.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"James Risen, \u201cSecrets of History: The C.I.A. in Iran\u2014A Special Report; How a Plot Convulsed Iran in \u201953 (and in \u201979)\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2000\/04\/16\/world\/secrets-history-cia-iran-special-report-plot-convulsed-iran-53-79.html","target":""},"source_content":"A New York Times reporter, Risen uses a leaked CIA history to explore the U.S. role in the coup that ousted Mosaddeq.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Peter Theroux, \u201cRemembering a CIA Coup in Iran That Never Was\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.tabletmag.com\/sections\/israel-middle-east\/articles\/cia-coup-in-iran-that-never-was-mossadegh","target":""},"source_content":"A contrarian take that argues that the United States and Britain were not the primary reason that Mosaddeq was ousted from power.","source_image":""}]},{"add_sources_title":"Documentaries and Short Videos","single_source":[{"source_link_title":{"title":"American Experience, \u201cTaken Hostage: Operation Ajax\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xceDBZeolIM","target":""},"source_content":"A six-minute excerpt from a longer PBS documentary on Operation Ajax.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Hoover Institution, \u201cThe August 1953 Coup in Iran\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=eqYP9ZGTh9s","target":""},"source_content":"A four-minute explanation of why scholars have spent decades trying to understand the full details of what happened in Iran in August 1953.","source_image":""}]},{"add_sources_title":"Lectures and Podcasts","single_source":[{"source_link_title":{"title":"NPR, \u201cFour Days in August: Throughline\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2019\/07\/10\/740510559\/four-days-in-august","target":""},"source_content":"Hosts Ramtin Arablouei and Rund Abdelfatah dive into the complexities of the 1953 Iranian coup.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Rear Vision, \u201cIran__Oil, Democracy and a CIA Coup\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/listen\/programs\/rearvision\/iran-oil-democracy-and-a-cia-coup\/104446044","target":""},"source_content":"Presenter Annabelle Quince explores how and why Mosaddeq was overthrown in August 1953.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"The Forum, \u201cThe Iranian Coup of 1953: Overthrow of an Iranian Prime Minister\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/w3cswpt1","target":""},"source_content":"Host Rajan Datar discusses how British and U.S. intelligence agencies collaborated to oust Mosaddeq.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"The Rest Is Classified, \u201cThe First CIA Coup: Oil, Iran, and MI6 (Episode 1)\u201d","url":"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/is\/podcast\/the-first-cia-coup-oil-iran-and-mi6-ep-1\/id1780384916?i=1000678341604","target":""},"source_content":"Hosts David McCloskey and Gordon Corera examine how Iran\u2019s decision to nationalize the AIOC ended in Mosaddeq's overthrow.","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"True Spies, \u201cOperation Ajax\u201d","url":"https:\/\/spyscape.com\/podcast\/operation-ajax","target":""},"source_content":"Historian Ervand Abrahamian discusses how Iran\u2019s decision to nationalize its oil industry led to Mosaddeq\u2019s ouster.","source_image":""}]},{"add_sources_title":"Timeline and Websites","single_source":[{"source_link_title":{"title":"New York Times, \u201cKey Events in the 1953 Coup\u201d","url":"https:\/\/archive.nytimes.com\/www.nytimes.com\/library\/world\/mideast\/041600iran-coup-timeline.html?scp=1&sq=mossadegh%20coup&st=cse","target":""},"source_content":"","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"Mohammadmossadegh.com, \u201cThe Mossadegh Project\u201d","url":"https:\/\/www.mohammadmossadegh.com\/","target":""},"source_content":"","source_image":""},{"source_link_title":{"title":"The National Security Archive, \u201cCIA Confirms Role in 1953 Iran Coup\u201d","url":"https:\/\/nsarchive2.gwu.edu\/NSAEBB\/NSAEBB435\/","target":""},"source_content":"","source_image":""}]}],"add_bottom_title":"","add_bottom_image":"","add_background_image":"","add_bottom_button":"","add_year":"1953"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/build.mini.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/06\/Screenshot-2025-07-16-at-1.53.05-PM.png.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3523,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions\/3523"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2270"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/ten-best-ten-worst-us-foreign-policy-decisions\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}