Assessment of the Proliferation Risks of Spent Fuel Reprocessing

Explore More on Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and Disarmament

Iran Nuclear Agreement

What Is the Iran Nuclear Deal?
Diplomacy to revive this arms control agreement has faced multiple stumbling blocks, including Iran’s nuclear advances and its links to conflicts in the Gaza Strip and Ukraine.

Backgrounder by Kali Robinson October 27, 2023

Russia

As Nuclear Tensions Rise, Should the World Be Worried?

Play
Since the end of World War II, nuclear weapons have threatened international relations. The Cold War produced stalemates that seemed to reduce the threat of nuclear conflict, but several countries’ more recent acquisitions of nuclear weapons have brought the world into a dangerous new era of nuclear uncertainty. With nuclear tensions on the rise once again, what lies ahead for nuclear diplomacy?  

Explainer Video with Jonathan Masters and Thamine Nayeem May 2, 2023

North Korea

What to Know About Sanctions on North Korea
World powers continue to punish North Korea with economic sanctions, but the pressure has so far failed to push Pyongyang toward denuclearization.

Backgrounder by CFR.org Editors July 27, 2022

Top Stories on CFR

Arctic

What Would Greenland’s Independence Mean for U.S. Interests?
The island’s residents have voted in favor of a party that seeks gradual independence from Denmark. But Greenland has attracted significant attention from President Trump, who sees the island’s considerable mineral wealth and location in the Arctic as necessary for U.S. national security.

Article by Diana Roy and Jonathan Masters March 13, 2025

Syria

Syria’s Surge in Violence Does Not Signal a New Civil War—for Now
A spate of attacks involving loyalists to former ruler President Bashar al-Assad has spurred concerns of a return to sectarian warfare in Syria, but there is still a path for the country’s new rulers to find stability.

Expert Brief by Steven A. Cook March 12, 2025

Ukraine

Here’s How Much Aid the United States Has Sent Ukraine
Ten charts illustrate the extraordinary level of support the United States has provided Ukraine in its war against Russian invaders.

Article by Jonathan Masters and Will Merrow March 11, 2025