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October 20, 2023

Monetary Policy
What Is the U.S. Federal Reserve?

Over the past decade, the Fed kept interest rates low while it deployed trillions of dollars in stimulus and expanded its regulatory oversight. Now, the central bank is back in the spotlight for its …

A stone bald eagle perches on the Federal Reserve building in Washington, DC.
Backgrounder by James McBride, Anshu Siripurapu, and Noah Berman Renewing America

May 8, 2023

United States
What Is the Dodd-Frank Act?

The Dodd-Frank Act is one of the most significant U.S. regulatory reforms since the Great Depression. The collapse of Silicon Valley Bank has rekindled the debate over banking regulation.

Former U.S. President Barack Obama signs the Dodd-Frank Act as lawmakers look on.
Backgrounder by Noah Berman Renewing America

January 1, 2006

Homeland Security
Targets for Terrorism: Food and Agriculture

This publication is now archived. Is America’s food supply safe from terrorist attacks?No. The United States spends more than $1 billion every year to keep America’s food supply safe, but even withou…

Backgrounder by cfr.org editorial staff Editorial Staff

October 19, 2006

Nonproliferation, Arms Control, and Disarmament
"Dirty Bombs"

This publication is now archived. What is a “dirty bomb”?A “dirty bomb,” also known as a radiological weapon or a readiological dispersal device (RDD), is a conventional explosive packaged with radio…

Backgrounder

January 1, 2006

Terrorism and Counterterrorism
Responding to Biological Attacks

This publication is now archived. How dangerous could biological terrorism be?The anthrax-laced letters mailed in the fall of 2001 infected twenty-three people and killed five—a toll that only hinted…

Backgrounder