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International efforts, such as the Paris Agreement, aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But experts say countries aren’t doing enough to limit dangerous global warming.
Europe and Eurasia
- Albania
- Andorra
- Armenia
- Austria
- Azerbaijan
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NATO Countries Signal Resolve at Summit: What Does It Mean for Russia?The Madrid summit paved the way for Finland and Sweden to join and underscored that Russia is NATO’s chief security threat. But the alliance’s new defensive efforts aren’t likely to change Putin’s strategy in Ukraine.
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Turkey’s Growing Foreign Policy AmbitionsTurkey’s geography and membership in NATO have long given the country an influential voice in foreign policy, but the assertive policies of President Erdogan have complicated its role.
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Uproar Over Britain’s Rwanda Asylum Plan Overlooks Nagging Issues in Illegal MigrationSupport for immigration in the West must be balanced with concern about governance in African countries.
Experts in this Region
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How NATO Will Change If Finland and Sweden Become MembersNATO leaders are gathering in Madrid for their annual summit, and two Nordic states are making their case for membership as Russia’s war in Ukraine grinds on. Here’s what alliance enlargement would mean.
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Ukraine Could Become an EU Member. What Would That Mean?Ukraine’s first steps toward eventual EU membership are the start of a long process that has raised the stakes in the country’s war with Russia.
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The G7, NATO, and the Future of the WestRather than making democracy a litmus test, G7 and NATO leaders would gain more traction by focusing on the need for all countries to defend the fundamental rules of the international system grounded in the UN Charter.
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Renewing America’s Leadership in the Global Civil Nuclear Energy MarketThe U.S. government should streamline U.S. nuclear export licensing procedures and improve financing options to revive American leadership in the global nuclear energy market.
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Cyber Week in Review: June 17, 2022Lawmakers seek to block U.S. investments in China; Ukraine moves sensitive data to other countries; L3Harris plans to buy NSO; Hacktivists release calls from Russian embassy; China accuses U.S. of stealing data.
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The Risk of Russian Cyber Retaliation for the United States Sending Rockets to UkraineU.S. rocket shipments to Ukraine will not trigger Russian cyberattacks against the United States. Russian is too focused on attacking Ukrainian systems and defending their own networks to mount a response to the weapons shipments.
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2022 International Affairs Fellowship (IAF) Conference Keynote Session With Samantha PowerUSAID Administrator Samantha Power discusses the pivotal moment we face to strengthen democracy and reverse the rise of authoritarianism across the world, and USAID's efforts to mitigate the global food crisis exacerbated by the war in Ukraine. For more information about the International Affairs Fellowship (IAF), please visit CFR’s Fellowship Affairs Page.
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China and Russia: Exploring Ties Between Two Authoritarian PowersChina and Russia have expanded trade and defense ties over the past decade, but they’re not formal allies. Experts say Russia’s war in Ukraine could be a turning point in the relationship.
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The Uncertain Future of the British CommonwealthIn 2022, Queen Elizabeth II celebrates seventy years on the throne. With Barbados the latest country to sever its ties to the British Crown, debate over whether to stay in the Commonwealth is spreading across the Caribbean. Why are countries choosing to leave, and what could that mean for the future of the monarchy?
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Cyber Week in Review: June 3, 2022Supreme Court blocks Texas social media law; Chinese threat actors exploit zero-day; U.S. confirms it conducted offensive cyber operations against Russia; Russia halts REvil prosecution; ByteDance returns to India.
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Covering the War in Ukraine: The View From JournalistsA panel of journalists who have recently spent time covering the war in Ukraine discusses the situation on the ground there and in the surrounding region, and policy considerations for the United States and NATO allies.
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New Entries in the CFR Cyber Operations Tracker: Q1 2022An update of the Council on Foreign Relations' Cyber Operations Tracker for the period between January and March 2022.