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October 26, 2023

Israel
What to Know About the Arab Citizens of Israel

Arabs represent one-fifth of Israel’s population. Systemic discrimination, outbreaks of communal violence, and the broader Israeli-Palestinian conflict continue to strain their ties with Israel’s Jew…

Arab citizens of Israel stand near demolished houses in the northern city of Qalansawe in January 2017.
Backgrounder by Kali Robinson

October 12, 2023

International Organizations
The World Bank Group’s Role in Global Development

Since its founding in 1944, the World Bank has evolved from a lender focused on European reconstruction to the preeminent international institution for economic development and poverty reduction.

A woman reads in front of a chalkboard in an outdoor classroom in Niger.
Backgrounder by Jonathan Masters, Noah Berman, and Andrew Chatzky

January 10, 2006

Russia
Energy’s Impact on EU-Russian Relations

This publication is now archived. IntroductionBeneath the Baltic Sea, a pipeline is being built between Russia and Germany. Slated for completion by 2010, the 744-mile Northern European Pipeline is a…

Backgrounder by Lionel Beehner

July 25, 2016

United States
The Presidential Candidates: In Their Own Words

This regularly updated guide features transcripts from the Republican and Democratic presidential debates as well as select foreign policy speeches, op-eds, and interviews of the candidates.

Backgrounder by Jonathan Masters

September 23, 2021

Space
Space Exploration and U.S. Competitiveness

U.S. space exploration inspired a generation of students and innovators, but NASA’s role has diminished, and the number of global space competitors is growing.

A rocket carrying NASA's Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover vehicle lifts off from the Cape Canaveral in Florida.
Backgrounder by Andrew Chatzky, Anshu Siripurapu, and Steven J. Markovich Renewing America