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May 15, 2024

China
Religion in China

A significant proportion of China’s population claims to follow a religion. However, the government continues to toughen oversight, increase persecution of some religions, and attempt to co-opt state…

Chinese Hui Muslim women gather for a group photo before a flag raising ceremony before Eid al-Fitr prayers at the historic Niujie Mosque on April 22, 2023 in Beijing, China.
Backgrounder by CFR.org Editors

May 3, 2024

Japan
The U.S.-Japan Alliance

The alliance with Japan has been the cornerstone of U.S. security policy in East Asia for decades. Now, Japan’s role in global security is growing as challenges from China and North Korea mount.  …

Former U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta addresses U.S. and Japanese forces at Yokota Air Base outside of Tokyo, October 24, 2011.
Backgrounder by CFR.org Editors

April 16, 2024

United States
Is Rising Student Debt Harming the U.S. Economy?

Higher education provides students many socioeconomic benefits and increases the global competitiveness of the United States, but mounting student loan debt has sparked a debate over federal lending …

Protestors hold "cancel student debt" signs outside the U.S. Supreme Court.
Backgrounder by CFR.org Editors Renewing America

August 23, 2012

United States
National Conventions and U.S. Foreign Policy

U.S. presidential nominating conventions often touch on national security and foreign policy, but don’t always signal the direction of a winning candidate’s policy, explains this Backgrounder.

Backgrounder by Toni Johnson

January 20, 2012

Iran
Oil’s Trouble Spots

With oil supplies tight, regions most vulnerable to oil supply disruptions present a significant economic concern, particularly threats to the Strait of Hormuz and unrest in Nigeria, explains this Ba…

Backgrounder by Toni Johnson

February 9, 2010

Peru
Peru’s Mineral Wealth and Woes

Peru has avoided the development problems seen in other extraction-dependent economies, but experts say the country faces governance hurdles, especially on the environment.

Backgrounder by Toni Johnson