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September 20, 2024

Lebanon
What Is Hezbollah?

Military experience gained fighting in Syria’s civil war and generous support from Iran have made the Shiite militant group a formidable foe for Israel. But at the same time, its political clout amon…

A man bearing a Hezbollah flag leads ranks of militants through Beirut’s southern suburb.
Backgrounder by Kali Robinson

September 19, 2024

United Nations
What Is the UN General Assembly?

The General Assembly hosts a much-watched debate of world leaders annually. Its 2024 meeting is expected to emphasize climate change, the Sustainable Development Goals, and the wars in the Gaza Strip…

A large UNGA sign is photographed in front of the United Nations buildings.
Backgrounder by CFR.org Editors

August 19, 2024

Palestinian Territories
What Is Hamas?

The Palestinian militant group struggled to govern the Gaza Strip before launching a surprise attack on Israel in 2023. Now facing Israel’s military campaign to destroy it, Hamas’s future is in doubt…

Gun-toting Hamas militants ride a vehicle amid a massive crowd of the group's supporters
Backgrounder by Kali Robinson

September 15, 2006

Syria
Syria: U.S. Policy Options

The United States has long tried to compel Syria to adjust its behavior, but rarely with any result. This backgrounder examines the current U.S. policy options toward Syria.

Backgrounder by Esther Pan and Eben Kaplan

April 28, 2017

Syrian Civil War
Who’s Who in Syria’s Civil War

Syria’s civil war is being fought on multiple fronts by an array of combatants whose alliances, capabilities, and in some cases motives have been in flux.

Rebel fighters train in western Deraa governorate.
Backgrounder by Zachary Laub

August 29, 2024

United Nations
The Role of the UN Secretary-General

The United Nations’ top leadership position has broad authority to steer the organization’s agenda, but its impact has varied widely since 1946.

UN Secretary-General António Guterres is escorted by staff at a displaced persons camp in Somalia.
Backgrounder by CFR.org Editors

February 1, 2008

Terrorism and Counterterrorism
State Sponsor: Syria

Syria has a history of aiding terrorist organizations, and is one of five nations on the U.S. State Department’s list of state sponsors of terrorism. Along with Iran, Syria has given substantial back…

Backgrounder by Holly Fletcher