The Use of Force: Strategic, Political, and Legal Considerations

U.S. Marines participate in an amphibious assault exercise as part of the "Cobra Gold 2018" (CG18) joint military exercise at a military base in Chonburi province, Thailand. February 16, 2018. Athit Perawongmetha/Reuters

December 13, 2017

U.S. Marines participate in an amphibious assault exercise as part of the "Cobra Gold 2018" (CG18) joint military exercise at a military base in Chonburi province, Thailand. February 16, 2018. Athit Perawongmetha/Reuters

Testimony: Testimony by CFR fellows and experts before Congress.

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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

What Is NATO?

The alliance is bolstering its military deterrent in Europe amid Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and has expanded to include Finland.

Backgrounder by Jonathan Masters July 7, 2023

Ukraine

Ukraine: Conflict at the Crossroads of Europe and Russia

Ukraine’s Westward drift since independence has been countered by the sometimes violent tug of Russia, felt most recently with Putin’s 2022 invasion.

Backgrounder by Jonathan Masters February 14, 2023

Peacekeeping

The Role of Peacekeeping in Africa

Africa continues to have more peacekeeping missions than any other continent. As conflict-stricken countries increasingly look outside the United Nations for support, experts say reforms are necessary to improve peacebuilding.

Backgrounder by Claire Klobucista and Danielle Renwick October 5, 2021

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